在此我将用Django来开发一个名为“Learning Log“的项目。这个项目让用户能够记录感兴趣的主题，并在学习每个主题的过程中可以添加日志条目。”Learning Log“的主页对这个网站进行描述，并邀请用户注册或者登录。用户登陆后就可创建新主题，添加新条目，以及阅读既有的条目。每个用户都有自己的数据，每个用户仅可观看和修改自己所拥有的条目。

一、效果图

二、文件存储路径图

三。创建项目以及所需文件

1、创建Learning_log项目。

2、创建数据库

python manage.py migrate

在使用SQLite的新项目中首次执行migrate这个命令式，Django将新建一个数据库。

3.安装django-bootstrap3

pip install django-bootstrap3

 

4、创建应用程序

命令 startapp appname 让Django建立创建应用程序所需的基础设施。

python manage.py startapp learning_logs#创建learning_logs应用程序 python manage.py startapp users#创建一个名为users的应用程序

4、定义模型

learning_logs/models.py

from django.db import modelsfrom django.contrib.auth.models import User# Create your models here.class Topic(models.Model):    '''用户学习的主题'''    text=models.CharField(max_length=200)    date_added=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)    owner=models.ForeignKey(User)    def __str__(self):        '''返回模型的字符串表示'''        return self.textclass Entry(models.Model):    '''学到的有关某个主题的具体知识'''    topic=models.ForeignKey(Topic)    text=models.TextField()    date_added=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)    class Meta:        verbose_name_plural='entries'    def __str__(self):        '''返回模型的字符串表示'''        return self.text[:50]+"..."

settings.py

"""Django settings for learning_log project.Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.6.For more information on this file, seehttps://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/For the full list of settings and their values, seehttps://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/"""import os# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!SECRET_KEY = 'xsxgdt)%7$b)ue=5lde!!s7d1-ey(ar0==li=g&t8)$5pluui!'# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!DEBUG = TrueALLOWED_HOSTS = []# Application definitionINSTALLED_APPS = [    'django.contrib.admin',    'django.contrib.auth',    'django.contrib.contenttypes',    'django.contrib.sessions',    'django.contrib.messages',    'django.contrib.staticfiles',    #第三方应用程序    'bootstrap3',    #我的应用程序    'learning_logs',    'users',]MIDDLEWARE = [    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',]ROOT_URLCONF = 'learning_log.urls'TEMPLATES = [    {        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]        ,        'APP_DIRS': True,        'OPTIONS': {            'context_processors': [                'django.template.context_processors.debug',                'django.template.context_processors.request',                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',            ],        },    },]WSGI_APPLICATION = 'learning_log.wsgi.application'# Database# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databasesDATABASES = {    'default': {        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),    }}# Password validation# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validatorsAUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [    {        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',    },    {        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',    },    {        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',    },    {        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',    },]# Internationalization# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'USE_I18N = TrueUSE_L10N = TrueUSE_TZ = True# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/STATIC_URL = '/static/'#我的设置LOGIN_URL='/users/login/'#django-bootstrap3的设置BOOTSTRAP3={    'include_jquery':True,}

admin.py

from django.contrib import admin# Register your models here.from learning_logs.models import Topic,Entryadmin.site.register(Topic)admin.site.register(Entry)

修改数据库库和创建超级用户

  urls.py

"""learning_log URL ConfigurationThe `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/Examples:Function views    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')Class-based views    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')Including another URLconf    1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))"""from django.conf.urls import url,includefrom django.contrib import adminurlpatterns = [    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),    url(r'',include('learning_logs.urls',namespace='learning_logs')),    url(r'^users/',include('users.urls',namespace='users')),]

learning_logs/urls.py

"""定义learning_logs的URL模式"""from django.conf.urls import urlfrom . import viewsurlpatterns=[    #主页    url(r'^$',views.index,name='index'),    #显示所有的主题    url(r'^topics$',views.topics,name='topics'),    #特定主题的详细页面    url(r'^topics/(?P
     
      \d+)/$',views.topic,name='topic'),    #用于添加新主题的网页    url(r'^new_topic/$',views.new_topic,name='new_topic'),    #用于添加新条目的页面    url(r'^new_entry/(?P
      
       \d+)/$',views.new_entry,name='new_entry'),    #用于编辑条目的页面    url(r'^edit_entry/(?P
       
        \d+)/$',views.edit_entry,name='edit_entry'),]
       
      
     

learning_logs/views.py

from django.shortcuts import renderfrom .models import Topic,Entryfrom django.http import HttpResponseRedirectfrom django.core.urlresolvers import reversefrom .forms import  TopicForm,EntryFormfrom django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_requiredfrom django.http import HttpResponseRedirect,Http404# Create your views here.def index(request):    '''学习笔记的主页'''    return render(request, 'learning_logs/index.html')@login_requireddef topics(request):    '''显示所有的主题'''    topics=Topic.objects.filter(owner=request.user).order_by('date_added')    context={
   'topics':topics}    return render(request, 'learning_logs/topics.html', context)@login_requireddef topic(request,topic_id):    '''显示单个主题及其所有的条目'''    topic=Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)    if topic.owner!=request.user:        raise Http404    entries=topic.entry_set.order_by('-date_added')    context={
   'topic':topic,'entries':entries}    return render(request, 'learning_logs/topic.html', context)@login_requireddef new_topic(request):    '''添加新主题'''    if request.method!='POST':        #未提交数据：创建一个新表单        form=TopicForm(request.POST)    else:        #POST提交的数据，对数据进行处理        form=TopicForm(request.POST)        if form.is_vaild():            new_topic=form.save(commit=False)            new_topic.owner=request.user            new_topic.save()            form.save()            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:topics'))    context={
   'form':form}    return render(request, 'learning_logs/new_topic.html', context)@login_requireddef new_entry(request,topic_id):    '''在特定的主题中添加新条目'''    topic=Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)    if request.method!='POST':        #未提交数据，创建一个新表单        form=EntryForm()    else:        #POST提交的数据，对数据进行处理        form=EntryForm(data=request.POST)        if form.is_valid():            new_entry=form.save(commit=False)            new_entry.topic=topic            new_entry.save()            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:topic',args=[topic_id]))    context = {
   'topic':topic,'form': form}    return render(request, 'learning_logs/new_entry.html', context)@login_requireddef edit_entry(request,entry_id):    '''编辑既有条目'''    entry=Entry.objects.get(id=entry_id)    topic=entry.topic    if topic.owner!=request.user:        raise Http404    if request.method!='POST':        #初次请求，使用当前条目填充表单        form=EntryForm(instance=entry)    else:        #POST提交的数据，对数据进行处理        form=EntryForm(instance=entry,data=request.POST)        if form.is_vail():            form.save()            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('learning_logs:topic',args=[topic.id]))    context = {
   'entry': entry,'topic':topic, 'form': form}    return render(request, 'learning_logs/edit_entry.html', context)

forms.py

from django import formsfrom .models import Topic,Entryclass TopicForm(forms.ModelForm):    class Meta:        model=Topic        fields=['text']        labels={
   'text':''}class EntryForm(forms.ModelForm):    class Meta:        model=Entry        fields=['text']        labels={
   'text':''}        widgets={
   'text':forms.Textarea(attrs={
   'cols':80})}

 

在文件夹learning_logs中新建一个文件夹并将其命名为templates。在文件夹templates中，在创建一个名为learning_logs的文件夹，之后的模板都将保存在这个文件夹中。

base.html

{% load bootstrap3 %}    
         
             {
    % bootstrap_css %}    {
    % bootstrap_javascript %}
     
     
    
      
        
       
            
                                
        Learning Log        
       
        
       
            
        
                
         
 Topics 
            
        
            
        
                         {
    % if user.is_authenticated %}                      Hello,{
    { user.username }}.                      
         log out                {
    % else %}                     
         register                     
         log in                {
    % endif %}            
        
        
       
           
      
     
     
    
      
               {
    % block header %}{% endblock header %}    
      
      
           {
    % block content %}{% endblock content %}
      
     
     

index.html

    
         {
    % extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}{
    % block header %}    
     
    
      
Track your learning.
    
     
{
    % endblock header %}{
    % block content %}    
    Register an account    to make your own Learning Log,and list the topics you're learning about.    
    
    Whenever you learn something new about a topic,make an entry summarizing what you've learned.    
{
    % endblock content %}

topics.html

    
         {
    % extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}{
    % block header %}    
Topics
{
    % endblock header %}{
    % block content %}    
     
            {
    % for topic in topics %}          
      
          
            {
   { topic }}          
          
      {
    % empty %}          
      
No topics have been added yet.
      {
    % endfor %}    
     
    
Add new topic
{
    % endblock content %}

topic.html

    
         {
    % extends 'learning_logs/base.html' %}{
    % block header %}    
{
   { topic }}
{
    % endblock header %}{
    % block content %}    
    add new entry    
    {
    % for entry in entries %}    
     
    
      
        
       
            {
    { entry.date_added|date:'M d,Y H:i' }}                              edit entry                    
    
      
    
      
               {
    { entry.text|linebreaks }}    
      
    
     
         {
    % empty %}        There are no entries for this topic yet.    {
    % endfor %}{
    % endblock content %}

new_topic.html

    
         {
    % extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}{
    % load bootstrap3 %}{
    % block header %}    
Add a new topic:
{
    %  endblock header %}{
    % block content %}    
     
          {
    % csrf_token %}        {
    % bootstrap_form form %}        {
    % buttons %}        
      add topic        {
    % endbuttons %}    
     
{
    % endblock content %}

new_entry.html

    
         {
    % extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}{
    % block content %}    
{
   { topic }} 
    
Add a new entry:
    
     
          {
    % csrf_token %}    {
    { form.as_p }}    
      add entry    
     
{
    % endblock content %}

edit_entry.html

    
         {
    % extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}{
    % block content %}    
{
   { topic }} 
    
Edit entry:
    
     
          {
    % csrf_token %}    {
    { form.as_p }}    
      save entry    
     
{
    % endblock content %}

users/urls.py

'''为应用程序users定义URL模式'''from django.conf.urls import urlfrom django.contrib.auth.views import loginfrom .import viewsurlpatterns=[    #登录页面    url(r'^login/$',login,{
   'template_name':'users/login.html'},name='login'),    #注销    url(r'^logout/$',views.logout_view,name='logout'),    # 注册页面    url(r'^register/$', views.register, name='register'),]

在users文件夹中创建一个名为templates的文件夹，在其中创建一个名为users的文件夹以下的几个模板都将存储在其中。

login.html

    
         {
    % extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}{
    % load bootstrap3 %}{
    % block header %}    
Log in to your account.
{
    % endblock header %}{
    % block content %}    
     
          {
    % csrf_token %}        {
    % bootstrap_form form %}        {
    % buttons %}    
      log in        {
    % endbuttons %}    
          
     
{
    % endblock content %}

register.html

    
         {
    % extends "learning_logs/base.html" %}{
    % block content %}    
     
          {
    % csrf_token %}    {
    { form.as_p }}    
      register    
          
     
{
    % endblock content %}

 

我也只是一个门外汉，刚刚接触Django，所以表述可能会很不明确，只能自己个人理解。所以，下面是我自己做的这个项目，希望能对你们有一定的帮助

 

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1lMV95bfdHzhBYpvRTOlufw 密码：th4s